The importance of the chapter is to explain the youth of holographic
cinema and how it should evolve and prosper in the upcoming years. The author takes an initial stance in the
production of holographs by amplifying the history and mentioning that he was
apart of the first viewing of the holograph. The first successful holographic
motion picture was viewed only a little over forty years ago. And has been
escalating into a new exciting form of image display ever sense, according to
youngblood. In this article the author
makes an appoint to thoroughly explain the process that went into the
development of holographs and the path that holographs have taken. The author uses
a concise and scientifical explanation of holography. He makes it clear that
holographs are the work of the future. The author used the term Cybernetic age
to explain upcoming holographic revelations. The chapter explains how holographs
are made by manipulating light waves in such a way that a wave front is stored.
The wave is then reconstructed so that an image would appear to be three
dimensional to the viewer. Dr. Dennis Gabor discovered the idea of storing and
reconstructing wave fronts in 1947. Dr. Gabor obtained holograms by
understanding the cohesiveness of light waves and their frequencies. Later in 1965 Emmett N. Leith and Juris
Upatnieks used the laser, invented by Dr. Theodore Maiman five years prior, in
order to modify Dr.Gabor’s original technique. They successfully created the
first holographic image by using a prism to develop two beams from one laser. Then the “subject”
beam was used to bring attention to the object, while the “reference” beam was
used to interfere with it, this created a pattern that was then recorded on a
photo- graphic plate, which therefor formed the hologram. The reconstruction
process is especially vital to the true three dimensional image. In order to
reconstruct the image an additional laser is directed at the hologram which
forms a picture identical to the object. The reconstruction process reveals a three
dimensional image that can be viewed with the absence of three dimensional
glasses. Dr. Alex Jacobson used brought
motion to the idea of holography. Jacobson used a pulsed ruby laser to design
and build the camera apparatus which later produced thirty seconds of film
generating fish in an aquarium. The
chapter continues to explain that there are three different types of lasers
used in holography the ruby laser used by Dr. Jacobson, used in his aquarium
motion picture, the helium-neon laser and the argon laser. The limitations in
holography thus far is that we can not use the helium-neon laser because it is
not a pulsed laser which is vital for commercial holography. The argon laser is not fast enough to make
action holograms and the ruby laser who’s quality is lacking in cohesiveness. The author uses these ideas to express the
limitations in holography. Another limitation is that we are stuck with a
shaded red image unless full-color holograms are made. Using white light to reconstruct a hologram is
a temporary solution to a very significant issue that is the amount of energy
that the laser is capable of producing. Furthermore
this chapter illustrates that holographic movies have a popular misconception
that Youngblood explains is the interactive hologram. This misconception
however may quite possibly become a reality. This idea is expressed by seeing
the real image as opposed to the virtual image. A special optical system to
reverse the holographic process would be all that is required in order to the
real image. “The illusion of the rose in a vase” a technique known to the
ancient Egyptians and used by magicians is performed by manipulating lenses and
mirrors in order to levitate an object in space wherever desired. This idea
required an actual object but now that we have holography we can use the
holograph in place of the actual object.
Another idea for the evolution of holography that Dr. Wuerker explains
addresses the limitation of viewers that can view the image. He says that 3-d
is only seen up to twent or thirty feet so his idea is to seat the audience in
the round. Introducing a way to view the image by conceiving a holographic
cylinder. The evolution of holography seems unending, Dr. Lou Lesem has created
methods to generate three-dimensional holographic images through
computers. The author furthermore
demonstrates the importance of technology on art in itself. The use of
holographs opens doors to many different ways to expand the viewing of art.
Science is eternally vital in the new discoveries of holographs and structures
that expand holography. The author of this chapter describes very clearly the
discoveries and history that has driven us to where we are technically in
holography today. By the end of this
chapter Youngblood expresses the impact that modern technology has on our human
nature. He feels very strongly about the affect of art and technology and
states that “we shall create heaven right here on earth”. He concludes this
chapter by expressing the liberation of mankind through technology .
Vocab
Holos- a whole, referring to a whole
picture both ntensity and frequency.
Laser- Light Amplification by Stimulated
Emission of Radiation
Wave front- diffraction pattern of light waves.
Parallax- The phenomenon that distinguishes
true 3-D from stereoptic illusion is called
Pulsed ruby laser- emits light in bursts
35-billionths of a second in duration
Integral photography- technique in which many ordinary photographs
from different perspectives are combined in holographic form.
Real image-
which comes to focus on the side of the film nearest to the viewer.
Virtual Image- located on the opposite side
of the film from the viewer, as though one were looking through a window
Kinoform- a pattern created by A
computer-controlled laser interference system
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