Ebony Bass chapter 7

The importance of the chapter is to explain the youth of holographic cinema and how it should evolve and prosper in the upcoming years.  The author takes an initial stance in the production of holographs by amplifying the history and mentioning that he was apart of the first viewing of the holograph. The first successful holographic motion picture was viewed only a little over forty years ago. And has been escalating into a new exciting form of image display ever sense, according to youngblood.  In this article the author makes an appoint to thoroughly explain the process that went into the development of holographs and the path that holographs have taken. The author uses a concise and scientifical explanation of holography. He makes it clear that holographs are the work of the future. The author used the term Cybernetic age to explain upcoming holographic revelations. The chapter explains how holographs are made by manipulating light waves in such a way that a wave front is stored. The wave is then reconstructed so that an image would appear to be three dimensional to the viewer. Dr. Dennis Gabor discovered the idea of storing and reconstructing wave fronts in 1947. Dr. Gabor obtained holograms by understanding the cohesiveness of light waves and their frequencies.  Later in 1965 Emmett N. Leith and Juris Upatnieks used the laser, invented by Dr. Theodore Maiman five years prior, in order to modify Dr.Gabor’s original technique. They successfully created the first holographic image by using a prism to develop two beams from one laser. Then the “subject” beam was used to bring attention to the object, while the “reference” beam was used to interfere with it, this created a pattern that was then recorded on a photo- graphic plate, which therefor formed the hologram. The reconstruction process is especially vital to the true three dimensional image. In order to reconstruct the image an additional laser is directed at the hologram which forms a picture identical to the object. The reconstruction process reveals a three dimensional image that can be viewed with the absence of three dimensional glasses. Dr. Alex Jacobson  used brought motion to the idea of holography. Jacobson used a pulsed ruby laser to design and build the camera apparatus which later produced thirty seconds of film generating fish in an aquarium.  The chapter continues to explain that there are three different types of lasers used in holography the ruby laser used by Dr. Jacobson, used in his aquarium motion picture, the helium-neon laser and the argon laser. The limitations in holography thus far is that we can not use the helium-neon laser because it is not a pulsed laser which is vital for commercial holography.  The argon laser is not fast enough to make action holograms and the ruby laser who’s quality is lacking in cohesiveness.  The author uses these ideas to express the limitations in holography. Another limitation is that we are stuck with a shaded red image unless full-color holograms are made.  Using white light to reconstruct a hologram is a temporary solution to a very significant issue that is the amount of energy that the laser is capable of producing.  Furthermore this chapter illustrates that holographic movies have a popular misconception that Youngblood explains is the interactive hologram. This misconception however may quite possibly become a reality. This idea is expressed by seeing the real image as opposed to the virtual image. A special optical system to reverse the holographic process would be all that is required in order to the real image. “The illusion of the rose in a vase” a technique known to the ancient Egyptians and used by magicians is performed by manipulating lenses and mirrors in order to levitate an object in space wherever desired. This idea required an actual object but now that we have holography we can use the holograph in place of the actual object.  Another idea for the evolution of holography that Dr. Wuerker explains addresses the limitation of viewers that can view the image. He says that 3-d is only seen up to twent or thirty feet so his idea is to seat the audience in the round. Introducing a way to view the image by conceiving a holographic cylinder. The evolution of holography seems unending, Dr. Lou Lesem has created methods to generate three-dimensional holographic images through computers.  The author furthermore demonstrates the importance of technology on art in itself. The use of holographs opens doors to many different ways to expand the viewing of art. Science is eternally vital in the new discoveries of holographs and structures that expand holography. The author of this chapter describes very clearly the discoveries and history that has driven us to where we are technically in holography today.  By the end of this chapter Youngblood expresses the impact that modern technology has on our human nature. He feels very strongly about the affect of art and technology and states that “we shall create heaven right here on earth”. He concludes this chapter by expressing the liberation of mankind through technology .

Vocab

Holos- a whole, referring to a whole picture both ntensity and frequency.

Laser- Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

Wave front-  diffraction pattern of light waves.

Parallax- The phenomenon that distinguishes true 3-D from stereoptic illusion is called

Pulsed ruby laser- emits light in bursts 35-billionths of a second in duration

Integral photography-  technique in which many ordinary photographs from different perspectives are combined in holographic form.

Real image-  which comes to focus on the side of the film nearest to the viewer.

Virtual Image- located on the opposite side of the film from the viewer, as though one were looking through a window

Kinoform- a pattern created by A computer-controlled laser interference system